RFID tags create the ‘paperless’ shop, track and manage tools

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Another approach for the clear identification of the tools is the use of transponders for RFID (radio frequency identification). Compared to direct marking with a data matrix code, not only can a plain text designation and a unique tool number be stored and updated directly on the transponder attached to the tool, so can additional data such as geometry and tool compensation data as well as maintenance data and service life. At the measurement and adjustment device, users thus can already automatically record the measurement data on the transponder, and when loading the tool into the tool magazine or appropriate fixture, automatically read this data via an RFID read/write device and transmit it to the tool list of the machine tool control. Furthermore, the service life – actual and desired – as well as the early warning threshold can be stored directly on the RFID transponder at the tool. When loading the tool, this information can be automatically transmitted to the tool list of the control, and upon unloading, be updated on the RFID transponder.

ID for small, mid-sized centres

Depending on the size of the machine tool and its tools, the type of RFID system to be used must first be decided. For small to medium-sized machine tools, the HF (high frequency) RFID system Simatic RF200, which meets ISO 15693, has a range from a few millimeters to several centimeters and is said to be ideal. Siemens noted typical applications include tool holders with DIN 69873 boreholes intended for the familiar "tool pill", which can use the RFID transponder MDS D421 with a memory size of 2,000 bytes. In addition, the two miniature transponders MDS D117 and MDS D127 are now available. Whereas the MDS D117 with dimensions of 4 x 5mm can be glued flush into metal, the MDS D127 with an M6 screw thread can be screwed flush into metal for exceptional strength, the company explained. Both transponders possess a memory capacity of 112 bytes.

At the important machining points, mobile or stationary RFID read/write devices are employed. The space inside machine tools is often limited, which suits the stationary read/write device Simatic RF250R, the company noted. The unit features an external antenna connection to which, for example, the new ANT 8 can be connected; it is extremely rugged and small due to its metal housing and M8 form factor.

For mobile reading and writing in areas such as tool storage or maintenance, the mobile handheld RF310M can be used. It also can be operated with an external antenna – such as the ANT 8 – enabling the processing of even the smallest of transponders.

UHF for larger machine tools

In larger machine tools with tools several meters in size where longer read/write distances in the meter range are required, the use of an UHF (ultra-high frequency) RFID system, such as the RF600, can be advantageous, the company said. Here, too, various transponders and smart labels for different environmental conditions are available. There are models for applications on or in metal, at increased temperature ranges or with a high degree of protection against liquids such as cutting fluid. To process the transponders, several read/write devices are available, which either feature an integrated antenna onboard or the option of connecting detached, more compact antennas for a space-saving installation.

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