IEA shows global energy production to rise

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Energy demand driven by consumers

This increase in demand for energy in Asia has been driven by consumers, with final consumption in the region increasing five-fold over four decades. Coal remains the most consumed fuel, with approximately the same share in 1971 and 2014 (29% and 28%respectively). However the rest of the mix is seeing rapid change. The share of oil in the total final consumption almost doubled (from 15% to 28%), while electricity rose from 3% to 19%. Following a seven-fold increase, the industry was by far the greatest energy consuming sector in Asia in 2014, representing 42% of the region’s total final consumption, largely fueled by coal. The residential sector followed the industry in energy use, having seen a 120% increase between 1971 and 2014. Traditional biomass was still the main fuel consumed by households, while electricity and natural gas consumption also increased significantly. Energy consumption grew 12-fold in the transport sector, and continued to rely mainly on oil.

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Globally, total consumption more than doubled between 1971 and 2014. However the sectoral breakdown of energy use did not change dramatically. Industry remained the largest consuming sector in 2014, only one percentage point lower than in 1971 (37%), followed by transport (28%), a 5% increase on 1971 figures, and residential (23%).

Looking solely at OECD countries, where provisional data are available for 2015, energy production hit 4,164 million tonnes in 2015, a 0.5% increase on 2014 figures, and the highest level since the IEA was founded in 1974. Exports were also the highest ever recorded at 1,790 million tonnes (+5.5% from 2014). Following three consecutive years of decline, imports increased by 3.2%, with net imports remaining broadly stable in the region compared to 2014. OECD total primary energy supply remained stable in 2015, coming in at 5,269 million tonnes, only 0.1% less than in 2014.

In terms of the fuel mix, the OECD increased its use of oil (36% of TPES, +1%) and natural gas (26% of TPES, +2%) in 2015. Nuclear (10% of TPES) remained stable, with Asia-Oceania increasing its use while Europe decreased. Other sources (10% of TPES) increased by 2%, mainly owing to renewables. Significantly, there was a drop of 15% in the United States of coal use over 2014 figures. In 2015, more than 200 TWh of electricity came from natural gas, driving a 6% decrease in the OECD region’s overall coal demand.

With production increasing more than energy use, the level of self-sufficiency (defined as production/TPES) in the OECD increased to 79% in 2015, a figure comparable to the high levels of 1985. Notably, in 2015, OECD Americas became self-sufficient for the first time since the IEA was founded, with the United States not far behind at 93%. This is in contrast with the levels observed in OECD Europe and OECD Asia Oceania, both coming in at below 60%.

This article appeared in www.maschinenmarkt.international.

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